Author:
Abstract:
The research is motivated by the extensive literature on the elevated levels of xenophobia in South Africa. The main contribution of the research to the academic field of ethnic conflict studies is that the author comprehensively approaches the determination of the level of xenophobia in South African society, whereas the majority of the literature on the issue has focused on the analysis of individual manifestations of xenophobic violence. This research was guided through three research questions: (1) what are the causes of xenophobia in South Africa? (2) What is the legal framework of South African policy addressing anti-migrant attacks? (3) What measures does the government of South Africa take to combat xenophobia? The principal purpose of the research is to help modernize South Africa’s policies, legislation and practices against xenophobia and related intolerance on the basis of the analysis proposed. Research methods included the study and analysis of literature and social surveys, the collection and analysis of factual materials, the study of documents, methods of quantitative and qualitative data processing.
The article describes in detail the political, cultural, economic and socio-historical reasons of xenophobia and analyzes current policies of South Africa against anti-migrant attacks. As a result, the research illustrates what factors contribute to the spread of xenophobic violence and why the government’s actions to combat this social issue have so far been ineffective. The findings of the paper support the prediction that if the government pays attention to the roots of the problem, xenophobia in South African can be significantly reduced.
Keywords:
Africa, xenophobia, migration, anti-migrant attacks, South Africa
DOI:
10.31132/2412-5717-2020-52-3-60-73
References:
1. AfriForum, Malema mull settlement in hate speech case. Mail & Guardian. https://mg.co.za/ article/2011-05-04-afriforum-malema-mull-settlement-in-hate-speech-case/ (accessed 25.06.2020)
2. Budlender D. MiWORC Report N°5. Migration and employment in South Africa: Statistical analysis of the migration module in the Quarterly Labour Force Survey. Johannesburg. African Centre for Migration & Society, University of the Witwatersrand. 2014. 60 p. ISBN 978-0-9922133-4-3
3. Claassen Ch. Explaining South African Xenophobia. Afrobarometer Working Paper series. 2017. № 173. 25 p.
4. Crush J. The Perfect Storm: The Realities of Xenophobia in Contemporary South Africa. SAMP Migration Policy Series No. 50. Waterloo. Southern African Migration Programme. 2008. 61 p.
5. Crush J., Ramachandran S. Xenophobia, International Migration and Human Development. Journal of Human Development and Capabilities. 2009. Vol. 11. № 2. P. 209-228.
6. Fact sheet on foreign workers in South Africa. ACMS (African Centre for Migration & Society). Johannesburg. ACMS. 2017. 4 p.